Christmas is a time when family come together and celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ. I know of no evidence in Immanuel Kant’s writings that he celebrated Christmas with his family, but we do have lots of evidence that he loved his family. At his baptism as an infant he was given the name Emanuel, which he later changed to Immanuel (which Christians know means “God with us.”). His mother gave him a term of endearment and called him “Manelchen” which means ‘little Manny.’ He was also endeared to hi smother and later in life said: “I will never forget my mother, for she implanted and nurtured in me the first germ of goodness; she opened my heart to the impressions of nature; she awakened and furthered my concepts, and her doctrines have had a continual and beneficial influence in my life.”
Kant’s feelings for his mother were based on sentiments that probably influenced him to develop his moral philosophy but he had to develop beyond sentiment to found a philosophy that was universally valid for all people. He articulate a categorical imperative that was universally valid but was not based on feelings. The first formulation of the categorical imperative says: “Act only according to that maxim whereby you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law.” It is impossible to make a feeling universal but you can make a moral maxim universal and Kant believes that it is only when it is universal that it is morally valid. When you make your maxims universal it is impossible to act on feelings since these are not universal.
Jesus seems to be saying the same thing when he says “If anyone comes to me without hating his father and mother, wife and children, brothers and sisters, and even his own life, he cannot be my disciple” in Luke 14:26. Although some Christians don’t like the idea of hating members of their own family, Jesus is not saying that they should really hate them. That would be against the commandment that they love their neighbor as themselves. Nor is Jesus saying you should really hate yourself. But he is using hyperbole to emphasize that when we love our family we are loving them from our feelings of preference we have for them rather than loving them as we would love anyone. Jesus says we have to carry our own cross in order to be his disciple and that means that we have to sacrifice our feelings of preference for our families and learn to love all people equally.
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